The following parameters can be set:

The annual mileage can be varied in these steps: 10,000 km, 15,000 km, 20,000 km.
The costs for the electricity tariff can be varied in these steps: 30 Ct./kWh, 32 Ct./kWh, 36 Ct./kWh.
A PV system with 10kWp can be selected as an option.
For electricity consumption, only the household's electricity consumption is entered and can be varied in these steps: 2,500 kWh, 3,500 kWh, 4,500 kWh.

Three different charging profiles:

A) “At night”: The electric car can be charged after the average daily use from 5 pm in the evening until 8 am in the morning.

B) “Half-day”: The electric car can be charged after the average daily use in the afternoon from 1 p.m. until 8 a.m.

C) “All-day”: The electric car is used exclusively in the morning and can be charged from 9 a.m. until 8 a.m. the following day.

The charging profiles that can be selected here are greatly simplified.

The following simplified assumptions were made:

The charging processes are market price-optimized on the basis of a dynamic electricity tariff.
The day-ahead prices from 2024 based on an HPFC (Hourly Price Forward Curve) were used for the calculation.
The proportion of charging processes at home is 80%, i.e. 20% of charging processes are carried out in public spaces, for example at fast chargers.
As grid charges fluctuate locally, 19 cents/kWh of the Berlin grid were assumed.
The feed-in tariff for solar power is 8.2 cents/kWh.
The maximum charging capacity of the wallbox is 11kW.
The charging efficiency depends on the charging power and averages 94.5%.
The power consumption of the electric car is based on an ID.4 Pro 210 kW (286 PS) 77 kWh 1-speed automatic and is 16 kWh/100km according to the WLTP standard, regardless of the time of year.
The vehicle battery has a size of 77 kWh and is based on an ID.4 Pro 210 kW (286 PS) 77 kWh 1-speed automatic.
The target SOC of the vehicle battery is 80%, i.e. the vehicle battery is always charged to this value.
The discharge capacity of the home storage system depends on the battery capacity and is 0.5 kilowatts per kilowatt hour of battery capacity, i.e. 5 kW.
Charging takes place from a PV surplus of 1.4 kW until the battery of the electric car is 100% full.
No distinction is made between working days and weekends in the daily use of the vehicles. The calculation assumes that the solar power currently generated is always used first for the household. Surplus solar power flows first into the home storage system, then into the electric car and the remainder into the electricity grid. When the home storage system is discharged, household consumption is served first and, if there is still residual power, the electric car is charged.
The PV system is a south-facing system with an optimum inclination at the Neckarsulm site.
Solar power yield: around 1,200 kilowatt hours per kilowatt of photovoltaic output per year.